What is the term for a proceeding that allows a defendant to formally enter a plea?

The term for a proceeding that allows a defendant to formally enter a plea is arraignment. During an arraignment, the defendant is brought before the court to hear the charges against them and to enter a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest. This step is crucial in the legal process as it formally informs the defendant of the allegations and allows them to respond in a way that sets the stage for their legal strategy moving forward.

In contrast, pretrial hearings focus on legal motions and procedural issues before the trial begins, while a trial is where the case is presented in detail, and a jury or judge makes a determination of guilt or innocence. Sentencing occurs after a conviction or plea is entered, determining the consequences for the crime charged. Hence, arraignment is distinctly defined as the stage where the plea is formally made, aligning directly with the responsibilities and functions of that specific proceeding.