Which feature distinguishes a condenser microphone from a dynamic microphone?

The feature that distinguishes a condenser microphone from a dynamic microphone is that it has two plates, one of which is movable. This configuration allows for a more sensitive and accurate conversion of sound waves into electrical signals. In a condenser microphone, the diaphragm acts as one plate of a capacitor, and the other plate remains stationary. When sound waves hit the diaphragm, it moves and changes the distance between the two plates, which alters the capacitance and creates an electrical signal that corresponds to the sound being captured.

Condenser microphones are known for their ability to pick up a wider range of frequencies and produce high-quality sound, making them popular in studio settings. They often require phantom power or a battery to operate due to the electrical capacitance necessary for their function.

In contrast, dynamic microphones operate on a different principle, using a coil and a magnet to generate sound signals. This fundamental difference in design is what sets condenser microphones apart.